The Republic of Tajikistan

Bukharian Jews first settled in the territory of modern-day Tajikistan during the 17th and 18th centuries. In the 20th century, they were joined by Ashkenazi Jews, many of whom were refugees fleeing the Holocaust. In 1959, the Jewish population of Tajikistan was estimated at 13,400, falling to approximately 11,000 by 1989.

Due to instability, including the civil war of 1992–1997, the majority of the Jewish population emigrated to Israel, the United States, and Russia. Currently, the Jewish community in Tajikistan is primarily concentrated in Dushanbe and Khujand.